What does OTEC stand for?

Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion

Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) is a renewable energy technology that harnesses the temperature difference between warm surface waters and cold deep ocean waters to generate electricity. This process relies on a heat engine that converts thermal energy into usable power, making it a sustainable option for coastal and island communities. OTEC systems can operate continuously, providing a stable energy source without relying on fossil fuels. The technology is particularly effective in tropical regions where ocean temperature differences remain consistent throughout the year.

OTEC can be implemented using different system designs, such as closed-cycle, open-cycle, and hybrid-cycle methods. Closed-cycle systems use a working fluid like ammonia to drive a turbine, while open-cycle systems generate electricity directly from seawater vapor. Hybrid-cycle systems combine elements of both approaches to maximize efficiency. In addition to electricity generation, OTEC can support desalination, aquaculture, and air conditioning by utilizing the cold deep-sea water byproduct. Although challenges like infrastructure costs and environmental impact exist, ongoing research aims to improve OTEC’s feasibility and scalability.